Иван Шмелев - Солнце мертвых. часть 2 из 2 - текст песни, слова, перевод, видео

Shmelev Ivan Sergeevich (1873 - 1950) was born on September 21 (October 3, n.s.) in Moscow, in Zamoskvorechye, into a wealthy merchant family, distinguished by patriarchal habits and piety. On the other hand, I was influenced by the “court”, where construction workers flocked; a different, rebellious spirit reigned here. “Here, in the courtyard, I saw people. I got used to them here...”, I. Shmelev would later write. He heard songs, jokes, sayings, fairy tales and a varied and rich language here. All this will appear later on the pages of his books, in his fairy tales. After graduating from high school, in 1894 he entered the law faculty of Moscow University. In the fall of 1895 he makes a trip to Finland, to the Valaam Monastery. The result of this journey was his first book - essays “On the Rocks of Valaam”, published in Moscow in 1897. After graduating from university in 1898, he served in military service for a year, then served as an official in remote places of the Moscow and Vladimir provinces for eight years. “I knew the capital, the small craft people, the way of life of the merchants. Now I knew the village, the provincial bureaucracy, the small nobility,” Shmelev would later write. Here he meets the prototypes of the heroes of many of his stories. From here came “Treacle”, “Citizen Ukleikin”, “In the Hole”, “Under the Sky”. Particularly famous were the works written under the influence of the first Russian revolution (the stories “On a Urgent Business”, “Disintegration”, 1906; the stories “Vahmister”, 1906, “Ivan Kuzmin”, 1907). In 1911, Shmelev wrote one of his significant works, “The Man from the Restaurant,” which was a resounding success. In 1912, the publishing house "Book Publishing House of Writers in Moscow" was organized, whose contributing members were I. Bunin, B. Zaitsev, V. Veresaev, I. Shmelev and others. All of Shmelev's further work in the 1900s is associated with this publishing house, which published a collection of his works in eight volumes. Published novels and stories ("The Wall", "Shy Silence", "Wolf Roll", "Rosstani", etc.), published during 1912 - 1914. During the First World War, collections of his stories and essays "Carousel" (1916) , “Hard Days”, “Hidden Face” (1917), in which the story “A Funny Adventure” appeared, stood out noticeably against the backdrop of official patriotic fiction with its sincerity. He greeted the February Revolution with enthusiasm; he showed complete irreconcilability towards Oktyabrskaya, aggravated by the fact that his only son Sergei, an officer in the volunteer army, who did not want to go with Wrangel to a foreign land, was taken from the hospital in Feodosia and shot without trial. At the end of 1922, after a short stay in Moscow, Shmelev left for Berlin, then to Paris, where the emigrant chapter of his life opened. He created pamphlet stories full of hatred towards the Bolsheviks - “The Sun of the Dead” (1923), “The Stone Age” (1924), “On the Stumps” (1925). Over the years, memories of the past have occupied a central place in Shmelev’s work (“Bogomolye,” 1931, “The Summer of the Lord,” 1933 - 48). Abroad, I. Shmelev published more than twenty books. I. Shmelev died on June 24, 1950 near Paris from a heart attack. In 2000, on the initiative of the Russian public and with the assistance of the Russian Government, the ashes of I.S. Shmelev and his wife were transported to Moscow and reburied.